Graphite Petroleum Coke is an essential element of the steelmaking process. It is a source of carbon which is needed to make iron. It also aids in reducing the slag that forms on top of the molten metal that is produced during steelmaking. Additionally, it is a highly lubricious material, which makes the steelmaking process more efficient, by reducing friction and heat loss when processing.
Petroleum coke is a slender petroleum byproduct resulting from the process of atmospheric distillation or the vacuum distillation of crude oil. It is made up of primarily carbon, but also contains small amounts of nitrogen and hydrogen. Certain kinds of petroleum coke may contain other elements including sulfur and vanadium. It's available in granules or needles. Graphite petroleum coke has a greater carbon content than standard petroleum coke, making it suitable for steelmaking processes, such as electric arc melting smelters.
Graphite petroleum coke increases the machinability and efficiency of steel. Additionally, it offers thermal and electrical conductivity that is higher than the conventional petroleum coke. This property allows it to swiftly and efficiently transfer heat to areas of the steel in which it is most required, thus reducing the loss of power and resistance.
Graphitized Petroleum Coke (GPC) is produced using high-quality petroleum coke by an process known as graphitization that takes place at temperatures above 2500 degrees Celsius. During the graphitization process, carbon atoms present in petroleum coke are moved around to create an ordered graphite structure. This change creates GPC distinct properties that make it an attractive industrial product with numerous applications in metallurgy and other industries.
GPC is a high-temperature tolerant material that has outstanding thermal conductivity. This makes it ideal for refractory materials like furnace linings or crucibles. It is also used as the anode for lithium-ion batteries with excellent conductivity and stabilty for battery performance.
There are a variety of graphitized coke based on its degree of carbonization. Low-sulfur, high-quality cooked coke called needle coke exhibits an acicular morphology, and is developed well in the plane directions, but it is not as developed in the c direction. This kind of coke is the preferred raw material used for high-power graphite electrodes used in electric arc smelters. The medium-sulfur and ordinary cooked coke are crystalline in structure, with no acicular structure. They are suitable to be used as fuel in blast furnaces.
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