The solid by-product from oil refinement is called petroleum coke. It is burned as a fuel during the manufacture of graphite electrodes to be used in electric arc furnaces and in power generation, and in other industrial processes like glass making. It is an essential raw material in the steel industry as it can create a carbon source along with other elements like silicon carbide as well as alumina which are vital to the manufacturing of steel products that are high-quality.
It is also used as a substitute for coal because it has a higher calorific content and a lower melting temperature. However, the combustion of Petcoke causes pollution of the air due to the release of particulates as well as sulfur dioxide. Air pollution control systems are essential to minimize the impact on the environment.
The grade of Petcoke that is used for steelmaking is based on its physical properties and its grade. For instance, a premium grade petcoke that has long needlelike particles is known as "needle coke". This coke is characterized by a well-organized structure, a low coefficient thermal expansion, and a very significant amount of heat. Other kinds of coke that have an unorganized structure for instance "sponge coke" and "sponge coke" have lower density and are not suitable for industrial usage.
To improve the quality of petcoke it must undergo a process called "calcination" before it is used for industrial use. In a controlled atmosphere, the amount of volatile matter decreases by the heating process using oxygen. This allows for density, which decreases porosity and increases the calorific value of the material. Additionally, it eliminates contaminants and impurities that can affect its performance in different industries.
The calcined coke should be thoroughly tested after densification to ensure it is suitable to be used. The tests include checking for contaminants as well as uniformity and density. It is also chilled to avoid further reactions and ensure that it can be safely transported.
After a stable quality has been established that is established, the calcined petroleum coke is able to be used to fuel many blending processes such as conventional cyclone PC, fluidized bed boilers. It can also be used as a fuel for gasification systems and in coke water or oil slurries.
As a result, it is a flexible and useful blending fuel that can help to fulfill the energy requirements of the global population. It is a fossil fuel, however, new technologies are being developed to lessen the environmental impact of it and align it with the global sustainability goals. These technologies aim to improve the efficiency of energy and also take carbon dioxide emissions into order to be stored within geological structures. The new technologies are expected to play a significant role in reducing the negative effects of industrialization on the environment.
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